Superstitions have been an integral part of Chinese culture for thousands of years, influencing everything from personal decisions to business practices.
Even in modern China, where rapid urbanization and technological advancements dominate, these traditional beliefs continue to shape daily life.
Understanding these superstitions is essential for anyone living in or visiting China, as they provide insight into the culture and help avoid unintentional missteps.
In this blog, we’ll explore the most common superstitions in China, their origins, and how they manifest in modern life. We’ll also provide practical tips for navigating these beliefs respectfully.
The Power of Numbers: Lucky and Unlucky Digits
Numbers hold significant meaning in Chinese culture, and their perceived luck or misfortune often influences decisions in daily life.
- Lucky Numbers: The number 8 (bā) is the most auspicious number in Chinese culture because it sounds like “fā,” meaning prosperity or wealth. This belief is so strong that people pay exorbitant prices for phone numbers, license plates, or addresses containing the number 8. For example, the opening ceremony of the 2008 Beijing Olympics began at 8:08 PM on August 8th, 2008, to maximize good fortune.
- Unlucky Numbers: Conversely, the number 4 (sì) is considered highly unlucky because it sounds like “sǐ,” meaning death. Many buildings in China skip the fourth floor entirely, similar to how some Western buildings omit the 13th floor. The number 14 is also avoided, as it sounds like “yào sǐ” (want to die).
Practical Tip: When choosing gifts, phone numbers, or even dates, be mindful of these numerical preferences. Avoid giving anything in sets of four, as it may be seen as inauspicious.
For more on the cultural significance of numbers in China, check out this article on Chinese numerology.
Colors and Their Symbolism
Colors in Chinese culture carry deep symbolic meanings, and their use is often guided by superstition.
- Red: Red is the color of good fortune, happiness, and celebration. It is commonly used during festivals like Chinese New Year and weddings. Red envelopes (hóngbāo) filled with money are given as gifts to symbolize prosperity.
- White: While white is associated with purity in many Western cultures, in China, it is linked to death and mourning. White is traditionally worn at funerals, and using white decorations for happy occasions is considered inappropriate.
- Black: Black is also associated with negativity and bad luck, often avoided in celebratory contexts.
Practical Tip: When attending a wedding or festival, wear red or bright colors to show respect for the occasion. Avoid gifting items in white or black packaging.
For more insights into Chinese color symbolism, visit this guide to Chinese cultural colors.
Feng Shui: Balancing Energy in Daily Life
Feng shui, the ancient Chinese practice of harmonizing energy (qi) in a space, continues to influence home design, architecture, and even business decisions in modern China.
- Home Arrangements: Beds should not face the door directly, as this is known as the “coffin position” and is believed to bring bad luck. Mirrors should not face the bed, as they are thought to attract spirits and disrupt sleep.
- Real Estate: Many Chinese people consult feng shui masters before purchasing property or arranging furniture. For example, homes with good feng shui—such as those facing water or mountains—are highly sought after.
Practical Tip: If you’re moving to China or working with Chinese colleagues, be mindful of feng shui principles. For example, avoid placing sharp objects or clutter in shared spaces, as this is believed to disrupt harmony.
Learn more about feng shui principles at The Spruce’s Feng Shui Guide.
Superstitions in Business and Finance
In the business world, Chinese superstitions play a significant role in decision-making.
- Lucky Dates: Business openings, contract signings, and other important events are often scheduled based on the Chinese lunar calendar to ensure good fortune.
- Gifts in Business: When giving gifts in a professional setting, avoid clocks, as the phrase “giving a clock” (sòng zhōng) sounds like “attending a funeral.” Similarly, avoid sharp objects like knives or scissors, as they symbolize cutting ties.
Practical Tip: If you’re working in China or with Chinese partners, consult a local colleague or guide to ensure your actions align with cultural expectations.
For more on Chinese business etiquette, check out this guide to doing business in China.
Weddings and Relationships: Superstitions for a Happy Union
Marriage customs in China are steeped in superstition, with many rituals designed to ensure a harmonious and prosperous union.
- Choosing the Date: Wedding dates are carefully selected based on the lunar calendar to avoid inauspicious months or days.
- Traditional Rituals: Couples often follow specific customs, such as serving sweet tea to elders and avoiding the color white during the ceremony. These rituals are believed to bring good luck and harmony to the marriage.
Practical Tip: If you’re attending a Chinese wedding, follow the lead of the hosts and avoid actions that might be seen as unlucky, such as wearing white or giving gifts in sets of four.
For more on Chinese wedding traditions, visit this guide to Chinese weddings.
Navigating Superstitions as a Foreigner
For foreigners living in or visiting China, understanding and respecting these superstitions is crucial for building strong relationships.
While not everyone in modern China strictly adheres to these beliefs, many people observe them out of respect for tradition or family.
Practical Tips for Visitors:
- Avoid gifting clocks, sharp objects, or items in sets of four.
- Be mindful of colors when choosing gifts or clothing for special occasions.
- Respect feng shui principles when arranging shared spaces or giving input on design.
By showing awareness and respect for these traditions, you can avoid unintentional offense and demonstrate cultural sensitivity.
The Future of Superstitions in China
As China continues to modernize, the role of superstitions is evolving.
Younger generations, especially in urban areas, may approach these beliefs with skepticism, but they often continue to observe them out of respect for family or tradition.
Superstitions are also being adapted to fit modern contexts, such as using feng shui principles in skyscraper design or choosing lucky numbers for digital transactions.
Rather than fading away, these beliefs remain a vital part of Chinese culture, blending tradition with modernity in unique ways.
Conclusion
Superstitions in China are more than just old traditions—they are a window into the country’s rich cultural heritage.
Whether you’re a visitor, expatriate, or business professional, understanding these beliefs can help you navigate daily life in China with respect and ease.
By being mindful of numbers, colors, feng shui, and other customs, you can build stronger relationships and gain a deeper appreciation for Chinese culture.
For more resources on Chinese culture and traditions, explore China Highlights or The Culture Trip.