China has become an increasingly attractive destination for foreign nationals seeking long-term residence due to its economic growth, vibrant culture, and expanding opportunities.
Obtaining permanent residence, commonly known as the “China Green Card,” offers significant benefits, including long-term stay, employment flexibility, and ease of travel.
However, the eligibility criteria and application process vary depending on the type of permanent residence being pursued.
In this comprehensive guide, we explore the different types of permanent residence in China, their requirements, benefits, and application processes based on the latest 2025 regulations.
Recent Policy Changes
China has gradually reformed its permanent residence policies to attract international talent and investment.
Notable recent changes include:
- Streamlined requirements for PhD holders in cities like Shenzhen, removing work duration and salary thresholds
- Expanded eligibility for foreign graduates from Chinese universities
- Regional variations with more favorable policies in tier-one cities and special economic zones
- Post-COVID reforms aimed at attracting international scientists and high-end talent
1. Permanent Residence for High-Level Talent
Eligibility Criteria:
- Foreign nationals who have made outstanding contributions to China in fields such as technology, academia, business, or sports
- Senior executives or researchers working in key industries crucial to China’s economic and social development
- PhD holders (with significantly relaxed requirements in certain regions)
- Recipients of China’s Friendship Award or similar national recognition
Benefits:
- Long-term residency in China (valid for ten years)
- Freedom to work without requiring additional permits
- Easier entry and exit processes at Chinese borders
- Access to social services similar to Chinese citizens
Application Process:
- Obtain a recommendation or certification from relevant Chinese authorities
- Submit required documents to the local Exit-Entry Administration Bureau
- Complete biometric data collection
- Pay application fee (1,500 RMB) and await approval (typically 6-12 months)
- Pay card issuance fee (300 RMB) upon approval
| Document Requirements | Details |
|---|---|
| Application Form | Form QW-01 |
| Valid Passport | With at least six months validity |
| Photographs | Recent passport-sized photos meeting Chinese specifications |
| Professional Qualifications | Certificates, awards, publications |
| Health Certificate | From an authorized Chinese hospital (within 6 months) |
| Criminal Record Check | From home country (authenticated and translated) |
| Recommendation Letters | From relevant Chinese institutions or authorities |
2. Permanent Residence for Investors
Eligibility Criteria:
- Direct investment of at least $500,000 USD in western or central regions of China
- Direct investment of at least $1 million USD in eastern coastal regions
- Maintaining the investment for at least three consecutive years
- Demonstrating good tax compliance and business operations
Benefits:
- No need for additional visa renewals
- Ability to manage business operations more efficiently
- Access to banking and financial services as a resident
- Property purchase rights similar to Chinese citizens
Application Process:
- Provide investment records and business registration details
- Demonstrate long-term financial stability and positive economic impact
- Submit documentation to the Public Security Bureau for review
- Complete biometric data collection
- Pay application and card issuance fees
| Investment Requirements by Region | Minimum Investment |
|---|---|
| Western/Central Regions | $500,000 USD |
| Eastern Coastal Regions | $1,000,000 USD |
| Special Economic Zones | Varies by zone (may be lower) |
3. Permanent Residence for Family Reunion
Eligibility Criteria:
- Foreign spouses married to Chinese citizens or permanent residents for at least five years, with residence in mainland China for five years (annual stay no shorter than nine months)
- Unmarried children under 18 years old joining parents who are Chinese citizens or permanent residents
- Elderly foreign nationals (typically over 60) who depend on their children living in China
Benefits:
- Stability for families living together long-term
- Easier access to healthcare and social services
- Ability to legally work in China without requiring a work permit
Application Process:
- Submit proof of familial relationship (marriage certificates, birth records, etc.)
- Demonstrate financial stability and intent to reside in China permanently
- Complete application at the local Public Security Bureau
- Await approval and collect permanent residence card
4. Permanent Residence for Employees in Key Positions
Eligibility Criteria:
- Foreign nationals working in senior positions in Chinese enterprises for at least four consecutive years
- Minimum annual income of at least six times the average local salary (varies by region)
- Tax compliance throughout the employment period
- Accumulated residence in China of at least three years during the four-year period
Benefits:
- Employment flexibility across industries
- Long-term security for foreign professionals seeking career growth in China
- Easier access to financial, medical, and legal services
- Ability to sponsor family members for residence
Application Process:
- Provide proof of employment and salary records
- Show tax payment history and contributions to China’s workforce
- Submit an application through the local Public Security Bureau
- Complete biometric data collection
- Await approval decision (typically 6-12 months)
| Salary Requirements by City Type | Minimum Annual Income |
|---|---|
| Tier-One Cities (Beijing, Shanghai, etc.) | Higher threshold (approximately 600,000+ RMB) |
| Tier-Two Cities | Moderate threshold |
| Tier-Three Cities | Lower threshold |
Post-Approval Requirements and Considerations
After obtaining permanent residence, holders must:
- Register with local police station within 10 days
- Maintain residence in China for at least three months annually (or obtain special permission)
- Apply for renewal 1-3 months before expiration (typically valid for 5-10 years)
- Report significant changes in personal information
Permanent residence may be revoked under certain circumstances:
- Actions deemed harmful to national security
- Court-ordered expulsion
- Fraudulent application
- Failure to maintain minimum residence requirements
Regional Variations
Implementation of permanent residence policies varies significantly across China:
- Shanghai, Beijing, Guangzhou: Often have pilot programs with more favorable requirements
- Special Economic Zones: May offer streamlined processes for qualified applicants
- Technology Hubs: Typically prioritize applications from tech professionals and innovators
Conclusion
China’s permanent residence system offers several pathways tailored to foreign professionals, investors, and family members.
While the application process remains rigorous, recent policy reforms have created more opportunities for qualified applicants.
Understanding the different types of permanent residence available and their specific requirements is crucial in determining the right path for your situation.
For the most current information, consult with the Exit-Entry Administration Bureau in your city of residence or seek professional immigration assistance.
External Resources
- National Immigration Administration – Official information on immigration policies
- China Visa Application Service Center – Visa and residence permit information
